The 433 MHz RF Transmitter and Receiver module pair is a low-cost wireless communication solution commonly used for short-range data transmission in embedded and DIY electronics projects. Operating in the 433 MHz ISM band, it enables simple one-way or basic two-way communication between microcontrollers without complex networking stacks.
Core Module Specifications
• Operating Frequency: 433 MHz ISM band
• Modulation Type: ASK / OOK
• Communication Type: Simple RF serial data transmission
• Typical Range: Up to 100 m (open space, antenna dependent)
Electrical & Interface
• Transmitter Operating Voltage: 3 V – 12 V
• Receiver Operating Voltage: 5 V
• Transmitter Output Power: 4 dBm – 12 dBm (voltage dependent)
• Receiver Sensitivity: Up to −105 dBm
• Interface Type: Digital data pin (TTL level)
• Data Rate: Up to 10 kbps (recommended lower for stability)
Performance Characteristics
• Communication Range:
– 30–50 m (without antenna)
– Up to 100 m or more (with proper antenna)
• Power Consumption:
– Transmitter: Low to moderate depending on voltage
– Receiver: ~3–5 mA
• Directionality: Omnidirectional with wire antenna
Physical Characteristics
• Transmitter: Compact single-IC RF module
• Receiver: Small PCB with RF front-end circuitry
• Lightweight and suitable for compact enclosures
Compatibility
• Arduino Uno / Nano / Mega
• ESP8266 / ESP32 (with level considerations)
• AVR, PIC, 8051 microcontrollers
• Raspberry Pi (via GPIO)
Key Advantages
• Very low cost wireless solution
• Simple interfacing with any microcontroller
• No complex configuration or networking required
• Ideal for beginners and educational projects
Technical Insights
• Uses ASK/OOK modulation, sensitive to noise
• Best used with encoding libraries for reliability
• External antenna greatly improves range and stability
• Suitable for unidirectional or basic bidirectional links
Applications
• Wireless remote controls
• RF switches and relays
• Robotic car control
• Sensor data transmission
• Home automation prototypes
Pro Tip
• Always use an encoder/decoder or software libraries like VirtualWire or RadioHead
• Add a 17.3 cm wire antenna for optimal 433 MHz performance
• Avoid noisy power supplies for the receiver module
Package Includes
• 1 × 433 MHz RF Transmitter Module
• 1 × 433 MHz RF Receiver Module