The HC-12 433 Wireless Serial Module is a long-range UART communication module that enables transparent wireless serial data transmission using the 433 MHz ISM band. It works like a wireless serial cable, making it ideal for remote sensor communication, robotics, industrial monitoring, and DIY wireless data links. With configurable channel and baud rate settings via AT commands, the HC-12 offers flexible and reliable wireless connectivity for embedded projects.
Core Module Specifications
• Module Type: 433 MHz wireless serial (UART) transceiver
• Operating Frequency Band: 433.4 – 473.0 MHz (configurable channels)
• Communication Type: Transparent serial data
• Modulation: GFSK
Electrical & Interface
• Operating Voltage: 3.2 V – 5.5 V DC
• Logic Level: 3.3 V TTL (5 V tolerant on most boards)
• Communication Interface: UART (Serial)
• Default Baud Rate: 9600 bps
• Interface Pins: VCC, GND, TXD, RXD, SET
• Antenna: Onboard spring antenna / external antenna (variant dependent)
Performance Characteristics
• Wireless Range: Up to 1000 m (open area, antenna dependent)
• Transmit Power: Up to 100 mW (20 dBm)
• Data Rate: 500 bps to 115200 bps (configurable)
• Stable communication with good anti-interference performance
Physical Characteristics
• Module Type: Compact RF transceiver module
• RF Output: SMA / spring antenna (variant dependent)
• Small footprint for embedded integration
• Lightweight PCB design
Compatibility
• Arduino Uno / Nano / Mega
• ESP8266 / ESP32
• STM32 microcontrollers
• Wireless sensor networks
• Robotics and remote control systems
Key Advantages
• Long-range UART communication
• Simple serial interface (no complex RF coding needed)
• Configurable channels and power modes
• Cost-effective and widely used module
Technical Insights
• SET pin LOW enters AT command mode
• Best range requires proper antenna placement
• Use same baud rate and settings on both modules
• Avoid metal enclosures for best RF performance
Applications
• Long-range serial communication links
• Remote data logging and monitoring
• Wireless robotics control
• Sensor networks
• Industrial and agricultural telemetry
Pro Tip
• Keep antenna vertical for maximum range
• Use external antenna for stable long-distance links
• Use lower baud rates for longer range reliability
• Provide clean power supply to reduce RF noise
Package Includes
• 1 × HC-12 433 Wireless Serial Module